Navigating the college application process can feel overwhelming, especially for students juggling academic responsibilities, extracurricular activities, and social pressures. Unfortunately, most high schools don’t offer a course in “How to Apply to College,” leaving many students and their families unsure where to start. Questions about campus visits, the weight of senior year grades, or the differences between entrance exams are common, yet the answers can be elusive.

Applying to college may not be simple, but with preparation and a proactive approach starting early in high school, students can position themselves to attend the university of their dreams. Read on for key considerations to help students make the most of their high school journey and stand out in the competitive college admissions process.

Freshman Year: Start Strong and Build a Solid Foundation

It may surprise some students to learn that their high school journey starts counting towards college applications the moment they enter freshman year. Every grade earned contributes to the cumulative GPA that admissions officers will evaluate. Transitioning from middle school to high school can be challenging, and many students struggle with the more rigorous academic expectations. However, setting good habits early—such as consistent study routines, active participation in class, and seeking help when needed—can pay dividends. A strong GPA in freshman and sophomore years creates a solid foundation, making it easier to maintain or improve during the later years. Remember, a low GPA early on can be difficult to recover from, so every choice and effort truly matters.

Explore and Visit College Campuses

College visits are a crucial part of the application process, offering students a tangible sense of what campus life might be like. Unfortunately, many students apply to schools without ever stepping foot on their campuses. Visiting a college allows students to explore dormitories, classrooms, libraries, and dining halls while also observing the energy and culture of the campus. Do students feel at home? Can they see themselves thriving academically and socially in this environment? Beyond tours, attending open houses, sitting in on classes, or speaking with current students can provide invaluable insights that no brochure or website can replicate. These experiences often clarify whether a particular college aligns with a student’s aspirations and values.

Understand the SAT and ACT—and Consider Taking Both

Standardized testing is a cornerstone of the college application process, and most colleges accept either the SAT or ACT. While students may feel tempted to pick one test and focus solely on it, taking both can offer clarity. Many students naturally excel at one format over the other due to differences in content and pacing. For instance, the ACT includes a science section, while the SAT places greater emphasis on advanced math concepts. By experimenting with practice tests or attempting both, students can identify their strengths and focus on improving their preferred test. Additionally, working with an experienced test prep tutor can boost confidence and help students master the unique skills required for each exam. Remember, preparation and practice are key to achieving competitive scores.

Take Advantage of the Common App

Applying to colleges can feel like an administrative nightmare, especially with varying requirements for each school. The Common App simplifies this process, allowing students to apply to multiple colleges using a single application. With over 1,000 participating schools, this platform saves time and ensures consistency. However, students should remember that many colleges also require supplemental essays or questions specific to their institution. Crafting thoughtful and tailored responses for these additional prompts is essential for standing out. Start early, stay organized, and carefully review each application before submission.

Maintain Academic Rigor in Senior Year

Senioritis is real, and after three years of hard work, it’s tempting to coast through the final stretch of high school. However, colleges continue to monitor grades and course selections even after applications are submitted. Slacking off or choosing a light schedule with multiple study halls can send the wrong message to admissions officers. Instead, students should maintain or even increase their academic rigor by enrolling in advanced courses like AP or honors classes. Not only does this demonstrate a commitment to learning, but high scores on AP exams can translate to college credits, saving both time and tuition costs. Admissions officers want to see students who challenge themselves and finish strong, so resist the urge to take shortcuts during senior year.

Don’t Overlook Extracurricular Activities

Beyond academics, colleges look for well-rounded students who contribute to their communities and pursue their passions. Extracurricular activities—such as sports, clubs, volunteer work, or part-time jobs—provide insight into a student’s interests, leadership abilities, and time management skills. Admissions officers often value depth over breadth, so focusing on a few meaningful activities rather than spreading yourself too thin is ideal. Highlighting accomplishments, leadership roles, and long-term commitments in these areas can make a college application more compelling.

Seek Guidance and Support

The college application process doesn’t have to be a solo journey. High school counselors, teachers, family members, and even private college advisors can offer valuable guidance. Counselors can provide resources, recommend schools based on a student’s interests and strengths, and assist with letters of recommendation. Teachers who know a student well can write personalized recommendation letters that highlight unique qualities and achievements. Additionally, connecting with alumni or current students can offer insider perspectives on particular colleges.

Plan Financially and Explore Scholarships

College is a significant financial investment, so it’s essential to plan accordingly. Begin by discussing family finances and understanding what resources are available. Researching scholarships and grants—both need-based and merit-based—can make a big difference in affordability. Websites like Fastweb, the College Board, and state-specific resources often list numerous opportunities. Don’t overlook smaller, local scholarships, as these often have less competition and can still provide meaningful financial support. Students should also familiarize themselves with the FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid), which determines eligibility for federal financial aid programs.

Final Thoughts on Applying to College

Applying to college is a milestone filled with opportunities for growth and self-discovery. By starting early, staying organized, and making thoughtful decisions throughout high school, students can navigate this process with confidence. From building a strong GPA to visiting campuses, acing standardized tests, and maintaining academic rigor, every step counts. With preparation and perseverance, students can set themselves up for success and secure a spot at their dream college.